Movie: Hiccup's older. The types of dragons are established, and they are mean suckers that the vikings view as a nuisance. They try their best to get rid of said dragons.
Hiccup is the first to train one in secret because he's afraid of them killing the beast.
Toothless is a Night Fury, deadly, black, and streamline. What I like about his design is that they used Da Vinci's flying machine as reference.
There's a love interest in the movie, as well as all movies, Astrid. She doesn't appear in the books, mind you. The books don't have anything to do with love.
The Book: Nothing like the movie. Hiccup is an awkward 10 year old. They have established that dragons are beasts of burden, and Toothless was a runt.
Toothless is a small brown common dragon. He doesn't have his teeth yet. And the only way to train a dragon is to yell at it. Which is amusing since dragons have a language all their own.
This isn't there in the movie....none of this is there in the movie. It's quite sad. The movie is basically set up as a separate epic adventure.
Both have equal merit of "don't bully others."
Another thing is "don't ignore someone due to their age."
And stature. That should be added too. After reading one and liking both...I can say that I love mashing the two together.